MT-1

MT-1, also known as MT-1, Afamelanotide, or by its commercial name Scenesse, represents one of the most extensively studied melanocortin peptides in dermatological research. This synthetic analogue of α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) has achieved regulatory approval from the European Medicines Agency, marking it as the most evidence-based compound in its class. The mechanism of action centres on selective activation of the melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R). Unlike other melanocortin peptides, MT-1 demonstrates remarkable selectivity for MC1R whilst exhibiting minimal activity at MC3R, MC4R, and MC5R. This selective binding profile results in targeted stimulation of melanogenesis, specifically promoting eumelanin production in melanocytes. Research models demonstrate that this enhanced melanin synthesis provides significant photoprotection against ultraviolet radiation damage. The clinical evidence supporting MT-1 is exceptionally robust, earning a Grade A evidence classification. Phase 3 clinical trials have been completed, and the compound has received EMA approval under the name Scenesse for erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP). Studies consistently show its ability to reduce phototoxicity in porphyria patients and provide UV photoprotection through enhanced melanogenesis. What distinguishes MT-1 from related compounds is its clean pharmacological profile. The selective MC1R activation means research models show minimal appetite suppression or other systemic effects commonly associated with broader melanocortin receptor activation. This selectivity makes it particularly valuable for research focused specifically on melanocyte function and photoprotection mechanisms. The compound's regulatory approval status and extensive clinical validation make it a gold standard reference compound for melanocortin research, offering researchers access to a thoroughly characterised tool for investigating melanogenesis pathways and UV protection mechanisms.